GLOBAL COLLABORATION: Testing their cutting-edge optical fibre technology are (from left) University of California, Berkeley astronomer Dr David DeBoer with Mandela University academics Drs Victor Agbakoba, David Waswa and James Jena
The collaboration was led by CBC director Dr David Waswa, with the CBC team successfully developing and installing custom-designed optical fibre delay lines (OFDLs) in six HERA radio telescopes, ensuring precise signal synchronization - an essential requirement for capturing data from deep space.
The Karoo desert presented a formidable challenge on the HERA’s initial fibre optic setups, with extreme environmental conditions impacting durability and performance, said Dr Waswa.
In response, as part of Dr Victor Agbakoba’s postdoctoral research project, with the help of Dr James Jena, the CBC engineered a compact, customisable high-precision OFDL solution, tailored to withstand the harsh climate while meeting HERA’s stringent technical specifications.
By combining advanced optical fibre technology with 3D printing, the team designed custom fibre delay lines with a protective casing to shield the OFDLs from environmental wear and tear. The result: a compact, efficient system capable of sustaining long-term operation in one of the world’s most ambitious radio astronomy projects.
“This innovation underscores South Africa’s expertise in telecommunications and sensing technologies,” said Dr Waswa. “Our contributions to HERA are vital in addressing timing and signal alignment challenges, ensuring data accuracy as the project explores the origins of the universe.”
RESEARCH TEAM: From left, SKA electrical engineer Phumelele Ntuli, Drs Victor Agbakoba, David DeBoer, David Waswa and James Jena.
HERA aims to observe the redshifted hydrogen power spectrum, offering unprecedented insights into the Epoch of Reionisation - the cosmic era when the first stars and galaxies formed.
The project is a collaboration between South Africa, the United States, and the United Kingdom, with CBC playing a crucial role in its technological backbone.
The CBC’s involvement highlights Mandela University’s growing influence in international scientific research, said Dr Waswa, with the project, conducted in partnership with the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO), reinforcing the country’s position as a key player in global astronomy.
Dr Waswa expressed pride in the CBC’s contributions, crediting the team’s expertise and dedication. “This milestone demonstrates our ability to develop world-class optical fibre solutions and positions CBC as a leader in broadband communication technology.”
As HERA continues to expand, the CBC remains committed to pushing the boundaries of innovation, he said, with the work not only advancing astronomy but opening doors to further breakthroughs in telecommunications and scientific exploration.